Road scarifying device



June 9, 1942. R, AD-Dis 2,285,706

ROAD SCARIRYING DEVICE Filed Feb. 24, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet l Q 190) emu/5W43 ATTORNEY June 9, 1942. R GADDls 2,285,706

ROAD SCARIFYING DEVICE Fild Feb. 24, 1940 2 Sheets-SheetB I N V EN TOR.50 GA 00/5 ATTCE/YEK surface to permit a new surface to be formed thatPatented June 9, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 10 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in dirt moving devices such asscrapers and the like, and has particular relation to scarifying devicesadapted for use in resurfacing roads and for use in the removal ofpacked snow and ice.

It has become common practice in recent years, in the maintenance ofgravel, black-top, and oiled roads, to resurface them, when theircondition becomes poor, by digging up or scarifying the old isfree fromripples or the corduroy effect with which most motorists are acquainted.7

It has also become common practice to use scraping and scarifyingdevices in the removal of packed snow and ice from highways during thewinter months.

A large number of devices, more or less suitable for the purpose, havebeen advanced in recent years. It has been my experience, however, thatthe majority of these devices are large, cumbrous, and generally quiteexpensive to manufacture and maintain;

I have noticed that few of these devices offer any amount of flexibilityin operation. Many of these devices have been designed for use with agiven make of road machine, as for instance with a road grading deviceof a single manufacturer.

There are of course a large number of manufacturers of equipment for usein road building and maintenance, and it will be very apparent that thenecessity for the owner of a number of makes of machines to purchase anduse an equal number of scraping or scarifying devices, results not onlyin considerable inconvenience, but in the necessity for a considerableoutlay of money.

It is, therefore, a primary object of my invention to provide asimplified, relatively inexpensive scarifying device which is readilyadaptable for use in resurfacing old roads and for use in removing iceand packed snow from highways.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a scarifying devicesuitable for quick in- 'stallation in relatively small units on the moldboard or scraper blade of practically any standard typeof road scrapingor grading machine.

Another object of my'invention is the provision of a device which may beeasily and quickly removed from one machine and mounted upon another. I

A still further object of my invention is to'pro- 5o 'vide a strong andeasily replaceable tooth structure of an improved shape such as willrequire a minimum amount of power during use and one .which will aid inbreaking up the scarified surface into relatively small pieces.

Other and further features and objects of the invention will be moreapparent to those skilled in the art upon a consideration of theaccompanying drawings and following specification, wherein are disclosedexemplary embodiments of the invention, with the understanding, however,that such changes may be made therein as fall within the scopev of theappended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary view in perspective of a representative typeof road grading machine to which has been applied a single unit of ascarifying device constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a; front view in perspective of the tooth constructedaccording to one embodiment of my invention.

Figure 6 is a view in perspective of a modified form of the tooth shownin Figure 5.

Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a further modification of the scarifier toothstructure in which the hardened wearing portion may be renewed byremoving the old point and driving on a new one, and

Figure 9 is a View in section taken along the line 99 of Figure 8 tofurther illustrate the shape of the drive-0n point.

Referring now to the drawings, and to Figure 1 in particular, the devicehere shown may be considered as representative of the majority of thedevices used to perform the operations of planing or grading in thebuilding or maintenance of highways.

The device shown comprises, in general, a

a tractor type prime mover ID, a main arched framework ll extendingforwardly from the prime mover and mounted at its forward end on wheels,as indicated at l2. The bull ring I3 is mounted for rotation near theunder side of the arched frame H. Means are provided for operation fromwithin the cab [4 for rotating the bull ring as desired. Other means,such as the hydraulic jacks it, are used in raising or lowershown such aunitary scarifying device at IS in Figure 1.

This structure comprises, in general, a back plate l9, clamping member29, clamping bolts 33, a plurality of scarifier teeth 4|, mounting rods26, and spacers 63.

Figures 2 and 4 illustrate the construction of the mounting plate indetail. This mounting plate 19 is preferably rectangular in shape,having reinforcing ribs 21 extending vertically on the back sidethereof. Portions of the plate may be removed where not necessary forstrength, as shown at 22, in order to reduce the weight. A plurality ofspaced ears or attachment lugs 23 extend forwardly from the frontsurface of the plate. It is preferable that these ears be spaced at asufficient distance apart to permit two or three scarifier teeth tobereceived between adjacent ones for a purpose which will be given indetail hereinafter.

The ears or lugs are also preferably arranged in two vertically spacedgroups, as shown, each group being provided with aligned openings 24through which a pair of mounting rods 282B may be installed. These rodsmay be held in position by means such as cotter keys 21.

The lower edge of the mounting plate is provided with a rearwardlyextendinghooked portion 28 adapted to be engaged under the cutting edgeof the mold board. One or more clamping members, such as the oneillustrated at 29 in Figures 1 and 3, are utilized in attaching theupper edge of the mounting plate to the mold board. Such a clampingmember may include a main body portion .3l having an opening 32extending vertically therethrough for the reception of a clamping bolt33. The body of the clamping member is extended upwardly and rearwardlyto terminate in a hooked portion 34.

Two of such clamping members are generally sufiicicnt to rigidly supporta mounting plate on a scraper blade. In use, the hooked portion 3 1 of aclamp is engaged over the top edge of the mold board and a bolt 33, ofsuficient length, is installed so as to extend downwardly through amatching opening 38 in an ear or'lug member 3'! which extends outwardlyfrom the forward surface of the mounting plate. The nut 33a is drawn uptightly against the under-surface of the lug 31 to clamp the entireassembly rigidly in place I on the mold board.

In order to provide for mounting a device of this constructionon a moldboard which has become worn through use, I have provided the additionallugs or ears 38, and these are posifor that purpose, in the upper edgeof the mounting plate.

It will be apparent that this method of mounting a scarifying unit on ascraper blade is very simple, as it requires the insertion andtightening of only two bolts for each unit.

Tooth members for use in connection with a mounting plate, as described,'may be made in any suitable form but preferably similar to those shownin Figures 5 to 9 inclusive.

The device illustrated at 4! in Figure 5 comprises, in general, a strapor bar-like main body portion 42, preferably having reinforcing ribs asat 43, and a pair of laterally extending bosses and upwardlyto form ahook member, as shown at 49. a

The forward edge of the tooth is chamfered, as at 52, to cause lessresistance to the breaking up of road surfaces. The narrow leading edge5| remaining after the forward edge of the tooth has been chamfered, isextended forwardly to provide a fin-like splitting edge 53, whichportion of the tooth structure is of great value in breaking up thesurface of the road. It offers a cutting edge rather than a bluntsurface to the tough and hard material being removed from the surface ofthe road, and particularly materials such as sticky black-top and thesurfaces of oiled roads.

It will also be apparent that there will be considerably less powerrequired in forcing such a splitting tooth through a road surface thanwould be required by a simple pointed tooth.

The form of tooth illustrated at Figure 6 is particularly adapted foruse in removing packed snow or ice from the surface of a highway. Itcomprises a simple bar or strap-like body member 54 having a forwardlyand downwardly extending tooth portion 56. This tooth portion ispreferably chisel-pointed to'permit easy penetration and splitting ofice layers. Bosses 51 and 58 are also provided on the main body por tionof this tooth, and are provided with openings 59 and BI respectively formounting upon the mounting bars 26 and 26. The heel of the tooth memberis extended rearwardly, as shown at B2, to provide a hooked portion fora purpose lvalilich will be hereinafter described in more de- It ispreferable that the width of the boss members, in which the mountingholes are provided,

be suchthat three teeth may be mounted side by side between each pair ofmounting ears or lugs on the mounting plate. manner each unit willinclude nine tooth members. These of course will be spaced relativelyclose together and I have found this combination to be particularly welladapted for use in removing ice.

v It will, of course, be apparent that such closely spaced teeth requireconsiderably more power to operate than when the teeth are widelyspaced. Also, it is unnecessary, in digging up old road surfaces, to usesuch closely spaced teeth. When the device is to be used for suchpurposes, a

single tooth member may be mounted betweeneach pair of mounting ears,and may be held in When mounted in this aaearoa its proper position onthe rods 26 by means of spacing members or washers of the properthickness and as shown at 63 in Figure l.

The hooked portion or heel pf each tooth member is adapted to be engagedunder the lower edge of the mounting plate before the supporting rods 26are inserted through the mounting holes, and serves the purpose, notonly of making the unit more rigid, but also serves to remove part ofthe strain from the mounting bars 26 and particularly when the roadmachine, on which it is mounted, is moved rearwardly as is frequentlynecessary in plowing through an extra tough surface.

Another form oftooth structure, as illustrated in Figures 7 to 9inclusive, embodies the advantages of the forms shown in Figures and 6and has the additional advantage ofa replaceable point.

The main body portion, shown generally at 65,

is substantially the same as that shown in Fig,--

ure 5, and includes a reinforced or ribbed body v portion 66 havingbosses 61 in which openings 68 are provided and positioned so as topermit mounting upon the mounting rods 26. The body portion extendsrearwardly and upwardly to form a hooked portion or heel 69 which maybeengaged under the bottom edge of the mounting plate'in the same manneras heretofore described. The main portion of the body also extendsforwardly and downwardly. This portion, however,

of the tooth structure is not provided with a point. It is, instead,provided with 'a pair of wedge shaped slots, as shown at H and 12, ontoness to be tightly wedged into place when driven home in the slots H andI2.

The box-like portion of the tooth is extended forwardly to form a solidchisel-like tooth portion 19 and also upwardly to form a fin-likesplitter edge 8|.

It will of course be apparent that the replaceable point I3 may beprovided with a cutting edge or point as desired or as required for anyparticular work. For example, in chipping or cutting ice from paving awider chisel-like point may be employed than would ordinarily be used inbreaking up black-top surfaces.

I have found it advisable to make the tooth supporting body member65'of-cast steel and the replaceable tooth of an oil hardened steel orabrasive resistant alloy. In making the types of teeth shown in eitherFigures 5 or 6, I preferably form the cutting edge of such an abrasiveresisting material by welding a tip of such material in place on a bodyof cast steel or the like.

Although I have'shown only one of my unitary scarifying structures asapplied to the mold board of a grader in Figure 1, it will be apparentthat as many units may be used as are desired or as the grader iscapable of handling. Under ordinary conditions, I have found three orfour units as the most satisfactory.

It will be apparent that a device constructed in accordance with myinvention may be easily applied and removed from the mold board ofpractically any road grading device. It will be obvious, however, thatmodifications may be made in the structure to permit it to be readilymounted or attached to other devices not using amoldboard. A scarifyingdevice, suchas I have described, is extremely simple and rugged instructure. Broken or worn tooth members maybe easily replaced.Furthermore, various combinations of the tooth members may be quicklyand easily made to adapt the scarifier for use on any particular job.Ihave also devised a tooth member from which a worn point may be easilyremoved and on which a new point may be easily installed. Furthermore, Ihave provided a scarifier tooth particularly well adapted to break up aroad surface into relatively small pieces and with a'minimum of effort.

Although I have shown and described specific embodiment of my invention,it is apparent that modifications thereof may be made by those skilledin the art. Such modificationsmay be made without departing from thespirit and scope of my invention as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. For use in connection with a grading device having a mold board, ascarifying device including a mounting plate, means for clamping same tothe horizontal edges of the mold board, a plurality of lugs extendingoutwardly from the face of the mounting plate, said lugs having alignedholes therethrough, a mounting bar extending through the said holes, anda plurality of tooth members also having holes extending laterallytherethrough, adapted to be received on the mounting rod.

2. In a scarifier device of the character described, a mounting plate,means for engaging same to the horizontal edges of the mold board of agrading device, a plurality of lugs extending from the surface of themounting plate and having aligned openings therethrough, at least onemounting bar extending through said aligned openings, a plurality oftooth members having at least one opening through each adapted to bereceived on the mounting bar, and other means for securing said toothmembers to said mounting plate.

3. A scarifier tooth comprising a substantially vertically positionedbody portion having at least one laterally extending openingtherethrough for mounting purposes, a downwardly and forwardly extendingtooth portion, and a. hooked, rearwardly extending heel portion formounting purposes.

4. A scarifier tooth comprising a substantially vertically positionedbody portion having at least one laterally extending openingtherethrough for mounting purposr a downwandly and forwardly extendingtooth portion, a rearwardly extending heel-like portion for mountingpurposes, and a splitter portion extending forwardly and upward 1y froma point close to the tip of the tooth.

5. In a. scarifier device, amounting plate, means for mounting themounting plate on the mold board of a grading device, rod means attachedin substantially horizontal position across the face of said mountingplate, a plurality of cutter teeth having openings therethrough adaptedto be received on the rod means, and other means for holding the cutterteeth in substantially fixedposition on the mounting plate.

6. A scarifier tooth including a body member having means for mountingsame, aforwardly and downwardly extending foot portion, a replaceablehardened shoe member, and means for securing said shoe member to thefoot porhaving a forwardly extending di ging point and a splitter memberthereabove, the body member having a rearwardly extending heel portionfor mounting purposes.

7. For use in connection with the mold board of a grading machine, ascarifier device comprising a mounting plate, hook means for engagingthe lower edge thereof to the lower edge of the mold board, separableand adjustable clamping means for engaging the mounting plate to theupper edge of the mold board,,a pair of spaced horizontally positionedrods, means for attaching same to the mounting plate near the facethereof, a plurality of-tooth members having laterally extendingopenings therethrough adapted to be received on the rods, and means forretaining said tooth members in spaced relation on the rods.

8. In a scarifier, a tooth member comprising a substantially verticallypositioned body portion including a rearwardly extending heel portionand other mounting means, the body portion having a downwardly andforwardly curved tooth portion, the said tooth portion being chiselpointed and of graduallyincreasing width toward the heel thereof, theleading curved surface of the tooth being chamfered along the edgesthereof, and a relatively thin splitter member extending forwardly fromthe tooth between 30 porting the tooth members.

the chamfered portions thereof and upwardly tion with a wedge action,said shoe member from the tooth from a point close to the chisel pointwhereby a portion of road surface lifted by the chisel point will besplit ahnost immediately and rolled forwardly and sidewardly upon Iitself.

9. A scarifier tooth having a relatively pointed entering tip, a widenedbody portion extending rearwardly and upwardly from the tip andterminating at its rear end in a heel for mounting purposes, the saidwidened body portion adapted to lift a portion of a road surface enteredinto by the tip, and a relatively thin splitter member extendingvertically from the forwardmost part of the widened portion of the bodywhereby a portion of road surface entered into by the tip is split-by,the splitter before the surface is lifted by the widened portion of thebody to thereby greatly decrease the resistance of the tooth to passagethrough a road surface. 7

10.-In a scarifying device for mounting upon the mold board of a gradingdevice, a mounting plate, means thereon for detachably engaging thelower and upper edges of the mold board, a.

plurality of lugs having openings therethrough, extending forwardly fromthe mounting plate, mounting rods extending through the openings in thelugs, and a plurality of scarifier tooth members having openingstherethrough adapted to be received on the mounting rods for sup- ROYGADIEJIS.

